@article{oai:obihiro.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004214,
 author = {Harakawa, Shinji and 原川, 信二 and Inoue, Noboru and 井上, 昇 and Saito, Atsushi and Doge, Fuyuki and Nagasawa, Hideyuki and Suzuki, Naoyoshi and Martin, David E},
 issue = {3},
 journal = {Bioelectromagnetics},
 month = {Apr},
 note = {application/pdf, The effect of a 60 Hz electric field (EF) on alteration of cytosolic free Ca2+ level ([Ca2+]c) was examined in mouse splenocytes stimulated by lectins, namely concanavalin A (ConA) or phytohemagglutinin. In order to understand the role of EF on alterations in [Ca2+]c and to determine whether EF exposure increased cell mortality the splenocytes were cultured under the 60 Hz EFs producing current densities of 6 or 60 microA/cm2 for 30 min or 24 h. Cell mortality was less than 2% in experimental all conditions. [Ca2+]c in the splenocyte was not changed by the 6 microA/cm2 exposure alone, while a lectin-induced [Ca2+]c elevation in the EF exposed cells was significantly higher than that of the sham exposed cells (P <.05: ANOVA, P <.05: paired t-test). Moreover, the enhanced increase of [Ca2+]c in the EF exposed, lectin stimulated cells was only observed in the presence of extracellular Ca2+. The EF dependent upregulation of [Ca2+]c persisted after EF exposure (P <.05: paired t-test). The results clearly indicate that Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane is responsible for the enhanced increase of [Ca2+]c in the EF exposed, lectin stimulated cells and that EF has persistent effect on the cells. Although the precise mechanisms of the EF dependent upregulation of [Ca2+]c is not fully elucidated, the present results demonstrate that the 60 Hz EF (6 microA/cm2) affects [Ca2+]c during cell activation via a Ca2+ influx pathway induced by lectin stimulation.},
 pages = {204--210},
 title = {60 Hz electric field upregulates cytosolic Ca2+ level in mouse splenocytes stimulated by lectin.},
 volume = {25},
 year = {2004}
}