{"created":"2023-10-17T04:26:27.033932+00:00","id":2000045,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"8f2be3f3-2811-492e-8550-6b09d841b153"},"_deposit":{"created_by":12,"id":"2000045","owner":"12","owners":[12],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2000045"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:obihiro.repo.nii.ac.jp:02000045","sets":["6:8"]},"author_link":[],"control_number":"2000045","item_3_alternative_title_1":{"attribute_name":"その他（別言語等）のタイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_alternative_title":"北海道の普通畑土壌におけるコムギのケイ素吸収が生育や品質に及ぼす影響","subitem_alternative_title_language":"ja"}]},"item_3_date_granted_12":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年月日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dategranted":"2023-09-29"}]},"item_3_degree_grantor_10":{"attribute_name":"学位授与機関","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreegrantor":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_language":"ja","subitem_degreegrantor_name":"帯広畜産大学"}],"subitem_degreegrantor_identifier":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_identifier_name":"10105","subitem_degreegrantor_identifier_scheme":"kakenhi"}]}]},"item_3_degree_name_9":{"attribute_name":"学位名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreename":"Doctor of Agriculture","subitem_degreename_language":"en"},{"subitem_degreename":"博士（農学）","subitem_degreename_language":"ja"}]},"item_3_description_11":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年度","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"2023","subitem_description_language":"ja","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_3_description_18":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_3_description_7":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Silicon (Si) is known as an important element for cereal crops including wheat (Triticumaestivum) by enhancing resistance against stresses thereby increasing productivity. The Tokachi district of Hokkaido occupies 20 % of the national wheat production area with various soil types present, but the availability of soil Si in relation to the physicochemical and mineralogical properties of the soils and the relation to Si in plants in upland soils have not been assessed in detail. Our finding goals were; (i) to clarify the soil morphological features and characteristics of the soil profiles and to classify the soils developed on the river terrace. (ii) to evaluate the soil Si ability in both vertically in the subsoil and soil surface and to the assess the influence of other soil properties on soil Si availability, (iii) to assess the status of wheat Si uptake, concentration and understand their relation to the soil available and other nutrients. (iv) to evaluate soil Si solution extraction methods that could be used to determine Si for upland soil.\nThe 40 paired of soil and wheat samples were collected from farmers’ fields of Shimizu town, Tokachi, Hokkaido in 2020 and 2021 along river terraces and four soil profiles were drug at different river terraces, Lowland, Low terrace, Middle terrace and High terraces. Surface soil samples at 20 cm depth and soil samples from all horizons of the four profiles were analysis for total C, phosphate absorption coefficient (PAC), cation exchangeable capacity, and soil mineralogical properties through selective dissolution methods and available soil Si using 0.1 M acetate buffer, 0.02 and 0.04 M phosphate buffer methods were also analyzed. Wheat samples were air dried and determined for plant agronomic properties, grain yields and biomass. Later wheat samples were separated into 3 parts stem, husk and grain then grounded for Si and nutrient contents.\nFrom this study we found that soils, soil profiles developed on river terraces in the Shimizu town, Tokachi district revealed completely different morphological features and remarkablydifferent physicochemical and  ineralogical properties. The soil formation processes and a significant difference in the vertical distribution of humic substances and amorphous minerals were strongly affected by the soil moisture regime in the lower horizons and the differences in the parent materials such as alluvial and volcanic deposits. According to the Japanese Soil Classification, these soil profiles, one of them could be classified Fluvic soils and other three were classified as Andosols, however one of the Andosols was classified as Inceptisols according to Soil Taxonomy due to a subtle difference in the criteria of the andic properties.\nThe vertical distribution of soil available Si contents were remarkably different in each horizon and were higher in the horizons where allophane formation was advance. The available Si of soil surface varied from field to field and notably higher in the fields located in the areas where allophane formation was more progressive as in Middle terrace and High terrace. From our results, suggesting that the amorphous minerals contributed as a source of available Si in the upland soils of Shimizu, Tokachi, Hokkaido. Increase of pH enhanced soil Si availability.\nIn average, wheat took up Si from the soils 13.4 g m-2 which was significant amount comparable to major essential element like N and K and remarkably higher than P. Wheat stored Si mainly in stem and husk and minor amount in grains. The highest concentration of Si was almost 28 g kg -1 of dry matter in husk, this might be related to protection the grain from biotic and abiotic stresses during harvest. It was important to note that soil available Si affected Si concentration in wheat rather than plant Si uptake. The negative correction between Si and C concentration from our finding supporting the theory that there is tradeoff between these 2 elements in wheat.\nAmong three extracted solution methods, acetate buffer method showed the most promising method for measuring soil available for upland soils, as soil available Si obtained by acetate buffer reflected better amount Si obtained in wheat plants. Even through the interesting in Si research has been increased and Si has showed the positive impact in plant productions, however the understanding on the mechanism on different source of Si supply and the limitation for uplands crops and the hypothesis of the depletion of Si in cropping system is still related, hence there is need to further research for better and  nutrient balance management.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"ケイ素（Si）はコムギ（Triticum aestivum）を含む穀物類にとって重要な元素であり、生物的あるいは非生物的ストレスに対する耐性を高めることによって生産性を向上させる。北海道の十勝地域は、国内のコムギ生産の20%を占める主産地であり、様々な種類の土壌が分布するが、土壌からのSi の可給性、可給性に及ぼす土壌の理化学性や鉱物特性の影響、およびコムギによるSi 吸収との関係などについてはあまり詳細が知られていない。本研究における目標は、1）十勝地域の河岸段丘上に生成する土壌の断面における形態学的な特徴や特性を明らかにすること、2）土壌の表層と下層における可給態Si を評価し、土壌の特性と可給態Si との関係を明らかにすること、3）コムギによるSi 吸収を調べ、土壌の可給態Si や他の養分元素との関係を明らかにすること、4）普通畑土壌における可給態Si を評価する最も適した抽出法を評価することとした。\n北海道十勝地域の清水町において、2020 年と2021 年に生産者圃場計40 地点の調査を行った。また、河岸段丘上の4 地点（低地、低位段丘、中位段丘、高位段丘）で土壌断面調査を行った。40 地点の生産者圃場では深さ20cm までの表層土を採取し、土壌断面では層位ごとに試料を採取した。土壌試料については、全炭素量、リン酸吸収係数、陽イオン交換容量、および選択溶解法による鉱物学的特徴を調べた。また、0.1M 酢酸緩衝液、0.02M リン酸緩衝液、0.04M リン酸緩衝液を用いて、可給態Si を分析した。コムギ地上部試料については、風乾した後に各種農業形質、子実収量、およびバイオマスなどを調べた。その後、コムギ試料は茎葉、もみ殻、子実の3 部位に分け、粉砕してSi 濃度を測定した。\nまず、清水町の河岸段丘上に生成した4 地点土壌断面を調べた結果、形態学的特徴が著しく異なること、理化学性や鉱物学的特性が明らかに異なることなどが示された。とくに、腐植物質や非晶質・準晶質粘土鉱物の垂直分布は、母材の違い（沖積堆積物および火山放出物）と、下層における水分条件の違いを強く反映した。日本土壌分類体系によると、1 地点は低地土、残り3 地点は黒ボク土に分類されたが、Soil Taxonomy では1 地点の黒ボク土がInceptisols に分類された。\n土壌中の可給態Si の垂直分布は各層位によって大きく異なり、アロフェンなどの生成が進んでいる層位で著しく多かった。表層土の可給態Si は圃場ごとで大きく異なり、中位段丘や高位段丘などアロフェン生成が進んでいる地点で多かった。本研究の結果は、北海道十勝地域清水町の普通畑における可給態Si の給源は非晶質・準晶質粘土鉱物であること、土壌pH が高いと可給態Si がより多いことが示された。\nコムギによる土壌からのSi 吸収量は平均13.4 g m-2 と、窒素やカリウムと同等の吸収量であり、リン吸収量よりも著しく多かった。コムギは、吸収したSi を主に茎葉やもみ殻に含んでおり、子実にはほとんど含まれなかった。もみ殻に含まれるSi は最も高い試料では28 g kg-1 であり、この高濃度のSi が収穫まで子実を生物的および非生物的なストレスから保護している可能性が高い。土壌の可給態Si は、コムギのSi 吸収量ではなく、Si 濃度に影響を及ぼした。また、コムギのSi 濃度と炭素濃度との間には負の相関関係が認められ、コムギにおいてこれら2 つの元素がトレードオフの関係にあることが示唆された。\n土壌の可給態Si を評価するために、本研究で供試した3 種類の緩衝液の中では、酢酸緩衝液が普通畑土壌の可給態Si を評価するのに最も適しており、コムギに含まれるSi 濃度と酢酸緩衝液法による土壌の可給態Si との間には、より高い相関関係が認められた。土壌と作物におけるSi の研究が注目され、Si が作物の生産性にポジティブなインパクトを与えることが示されているが、土壌以外のSi 供給源の存在、作物生産における可給態Si の制限などについては未解明な部分も多く残っており、より良い養分管理に向けたさらなる研究が求められる。","subitem_description_language":"ja","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_3_description_8":{"attribute_name":"内容記述","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"博士学位論文","subitem_description_language":"ja","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"大学院畜産学研究科 畜産科学専攻","subitem_description_language":"ja","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"Doctoral Program of Animal Science and Agriculture","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_3_dissertation_number_13":{"attribute_name":"学位授与番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dissertationnumber":"甲第134号"}]},"item_3_publisher_5":{"attribute_name":"公開者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"帯広畜産大学","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_3_rights_14":{"attribute_name":"権利","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_rights":"Vilayphone Sourideth","subitem_rights_language":"en"}]},"item_3_subject_20":{"attribute_name":"日本十進分類法","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"615","subitem_subject_language":"ja","subitem_subject_scheme":"NDC"}]},"item_3_version_type_19":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_access_right":{"attribute_name":"アクセス権","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_access_right":"open access","subitem_access_right_uri":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Vilayphone, Sourideth","creatorNameLang":"en"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_access","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2023-10-17"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"SOURIDETH.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"3.1 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"全文　Full text","objectType":"fulltext","url":"https://obihiro.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000045/files/SOURIDETH.pdf"},"version_id":"3295d1ae-6a31-484a-8c23-1f8848b040d8"},{"accessrole":"open_access","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2023-10-17"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"Abstract(SOURIDETH).pdf","filesize":[{"value":"146 KB"}],"format":"application/pdf","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"全文の要旨　Abstract","url":"https://obihiro.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000045/files/Abstract(SOURIDETH).pdf"},"version_id":"6d42281e-d4ec-4623-a397-7df7cd996ef4"},{"accessrole":"open_access","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2023-10-17"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"Evaluation(SOURIDETH).pdf","filesize":[{"value":"186 KB"}],"format":"application/pdf","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"審査の要旨　Evaluation","url":"https://obihiro.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2000045/files/Evaluation(SOURIDETH).pdf"},"version_id":"e4cdfb24-348e-44d5-9f7e-638e30c479a1"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"doctoral thesis","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06"}]},"item_title":"Effects of silicon nutrition on wheat growth and quality in upland soils of Hokkaido","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Effects of silicon nutrition on wheat growth and quality in upland soils of Hokkaido","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"3","owner":"12","path":["8"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2023-10-17"},"publish_date":"2023-10-17","publish_status":"0","recid":"2000045","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Effects of silicon nutrition on wheat growth and quality in upland soils of Hokkaido"],"weko_creator_id":"12","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2024-01-18T07:53:30.019934+00:00"}